Utilizing the SEIPS model to guide hand hygiene interventions at a tertiary hospital in Ethiopia.

We aimed to apply the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model to increase effectiveness and sustainability of the World Health Organization's (WHOs) hand hygiene (HH) guidelines within healthcare systems. Our cross-sectional, mixed-methods study took place at Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC), a tertiary care hospital in Jimma, Ethiopia, between November 2018 and August 2020 and consisted of three phases: baseline assessment, intervention, and follow-up assessment. We conducted questionnaires addressing HH knowledge and attitudes, interviews to identify HH barriers and facilitators within the SEIPS framework, and observations at the WHO's 5 moments of HH amongst healthcare workers (HCWs) at JUMC. We then implemented HH interventions based on WHO guidelines and results from our baseline assessment. Follow-up HH observations were conducted months later during the Covid-19 pandemic. 250 HCWs completed questionnaires with an average knowledge score of 61.4% and attitude scores indicating agreement that HH promotes patient safety. Interview participants cited multiple barriers to HH including shortages and location of HH materials, inadequate training, minimal Infection Prevention Control team presence, and high workload. We found an overall baseline HH compliance rate of 9.4% and a follow-up compliance rate of 72.1%. Drastically higher follow-up compared to baseline compliance rates were likely impacted by our HH interventions and Covid-19. HCWs showed motivation for patient safety despite low HH knowledge. Utilizing the SEIPS model helped identify institution-specific barriers that informed targeted interventions beyond WHO guidelines aimed at increasing effectiveness and sustainability of HH efforts.

Gonococcal endocarditis: A rare manifestation of a common disease in the COVID-19 era.

Gonococcal infections have been increasing worldwide and in the United States. Rarely, Neisseria gonorrhoeae can cause disseminated disease, including endocarditis. We present a case of gonococcal endocarditis, confirmed by blood cultures and 16S rRNA sequencing on excised valvular tissue. Prior to presentation with heart failure, our patient was asymptomatic. Most gonococcal infections are diagnosed through routine screening of individuals at risk. During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare contact for nonurgent complaints has decreased, and test kit shortage has been a factor. With increased incidence and decreased opportunities for screening, healthcare providers should be aware of rising gonococcal infections, as well as potential complications.